use assignment or gsub to replace values in R

• If the value to be replaced is the entire cell value (like replacing “-” with 0), it’s easier to use simple assignment. For the rest, we can use gsub together with lapply

  • We need to use gsub to allow us to use regex feature to find a specific string to replace, while lapply() function is more efficient when you need to do so on multiple columns

# simple assignment if we can "regex" the entire cell value
df_sum[df_sum=="-"] <- 0

# gsub with lapply is better when you have to knitpick certain string
df_sum = lapply(df_sum, FUN=function(x) gsub(",", "", x)) %>% as.data.frame()

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